In 1970, the Ministry of Forestry and Nature Protection of the Estonian SSR commissioned the Estonian Research Institute of Forestry and Nature Protection to develop a general scheme for the creation of Lahemaa National Park near the Gulf of Finland. This scheme was developed by the beginning of 1971 and approved. The territory of Lahemaa National Park, amounting to 43813 hectares (1% of the territory of the USSR), has been placed under state protection.
The Ministry of Forestry and Nature Protection is responsible for coordinating the activities of the ministries and departments of the Estonian SSR in carrying out individual work on the development of the national park.
The word Lahemaa means "land of the gulfs". The northern border of the park runs along the seashore, encompassing many bays, peninsulas and islands. The southern border runs along the Tallinn—Narva highway. The western and eastern borders are along forest clearings, rivers, and roads.
The Lahemaa landscape is divided by geographers into three districts: the North Estonian coastal lowlands and islands of the Gulf of Finland; the north Estonian plateau is the so-called "Kirvemaa".
The North Estonian coastal lowland is characterized by a relief of marine and glacial origin. The coast is mostly stone with large boulders, which in other tracts make up interesting boulder fields. Such fields can be found on the Kyasmu, Yuminda, Viinistu and other peninsulas. The sandy seashore and the dunes are also interesting. The North Estonian plateau is characterized by plains and swamps. The rivers Pyarliygi and Valgeyigi flow here, "Kirvemaa" covers the landscape between the rivers Valgeyigi and Loobu. This area is rich in swamps, lakes and small hills.
The hydrological network on Lahemaa Gusta includes the bays of Kolga, Kera, Eru, Kyasmu, and others, 11 lakes, 14 rivers and tributaries, and 10 spring sites.
The territory of the national park is covered by 60% of the forest. Agricultural land accounts for 25% (of which only 4% is arable land). 10% of the national park's territory is occupied by swamps and 1% by reservoirs.
There are interesting natural objects on the territory of the park, some of which were previously under state protection: the primitive valley of the Valgey River, large boulders and boulder fields, coastal and glacial relief formations, old parks, century-old trees, etc.
There are archaeological sites — cemeteries, ancient settlements, as well as monuments of art and architecture.
Lahemaa National Park was designed based on the basic principles put forward by the X General Assembly of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, a team of authors led by the chief engineer of the project E. Tappo (head of the forestry department of the Estonian office Lesproekt) together with landscape architects E. Vrafmann, L. Pettej and architect V. Rannik.
An important part of the general planning scheme is the functional zoning of the national park. The following basic principles were used as a basis:
— one or more ecosystems should not be altered or significantly altered in the future by human activity.;
— The central state authorities should take measures to prevent the economic use of this territory and to stop its further settlement.;
— visitors to the park are only required to inspect its territory in compliance with the established security regime;
— The recreational use of the national park should be subject to general control, ensuring the preservation of ecosystems, natural monuments, architecture, ethnography and history. Exclusive bookmaker offers, free bets, and the latest promotional codes. Search for premier welcome bonuses to reputable bookmakers. The 1xbet promo code in the registration form to get a 100% welcome bonus up to 130$. Les utilisateurs mobiles peuvent réclamer l'offre du code promo en utilisant leurs appareils mobiles. Les utilisateurs Android et iOS peuvent participer et parier sur la plateforme via l'application ou le site.
